抗战时中日武器差距究竟多大？

2015-07-16 07:13

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标签：中日抗战武器

从1931年“九一八”事变至1945年日本宣布投降，日本侵华战争共持续了14年。一直以来，人们从各个角度来解释资源匮乏的弹丸岛国如何演绎“蛇吞象”，原因固然多样，但中日武器装备的差距必不可忽视。点击看更多军事历史内容

抗战时中日武器差距究竟多大？

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二战日军特种部队的下场

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                "prevue": "从1931年“九一八”事变至1945年日本宣布投降，日本侵华战争共持续了14年。一直以来，人们从各个角度来解释资源匮乏的弹丸岛国如何演绎“蛇吞象”，原因固然多样，但中日武器装备的差距必不可忽视。<a href=＂http://war.163.com/special/mh/＂>点击看更多军事历史内容</a>",
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                   "note": "“九一八”事变后，国民政府之所以避免战争扩大，一个重要原因是——中日国力悬殊。1934年，蒋介石在一次谈话中说，“现代战争为科学的战争，然而中国的科学发明与工业技术，自觉幼稚，不逮日寇”，且“中国在战争上应具备的条件极不充分，海军空军都不如人家，殊无对日作战之可能。”",
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                   "note": "战前，日本的钢铁产量就是中国的数十倍；七七事变后，中国只有少数企业迁往后方，钢铁产量进一步下降。技术落后，是造成这一局面的主要原因。",
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                   "note": "汉阳八八式步枪，俗称“汉阳造”或“老套筒”，由清末建立的汉阳兵工厂获得德国授权生产的Gew88步枪，是中国生产的第一款旋转后拉式枪机步枪。在清末的新军一直到抗日战争、国共内战以及朝鲜战争都是中国军队的主要步枪枪型之一，作为制式步枪在军队服役超过60年，可以说是20世纪初中国军队的代表性轻武器装备之一。",
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                   "note": "良好的工业基础，是战争时期生产大量武器的前提条件。日本发动侵华战争时，其所有战争武器，如飞机、战车、火炮、舰船、车辆及化学兵器等均能自己制造。",
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                   "note": "而中国“科学落后，工业基础脆弱，军事工业设备简陋，技工缺乏，尤属十分幼稚。”国民党将领陈诚说，“敌人之军需工业，实非我国所能望其项背。”",
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                   "note": "弹药方面。战争初期，据何应钦统计，至1938年12月，国军消耗步、机枪子弹达7.2亿余颗，而当时中国各军工厂月产量不足1000万发。1939年之后，因弹药库存耗尽，且弹药补充能力极为有限，国军弹药消耗量骤减。这也是战事长期被迫处于防御态势的重要原因。",
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                   "note": "常德会战国民党军缴获的日军武器装备。",
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                {
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                   "note": "日本的武器年产量远多于中国。即使在太平洋战争后期，在受原料减少，钢产量降低等影响的情况下，1945年前8个月，日本依旧生产了4万支机枪，超过中国战时的全部生产量。",
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                   "note": "三八式步枪，为手动步枪，日本陆军于日俄战争后1907年正式采用为制式武器，一直到第二次世界大战。三八式步枪在中国一向被俗称为三八大盖，由于其枪机上有一个随枪机连动的防尘盖以及机匣上刻有“三八式”字样而得名。",
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                   "note": "至于飞机、坦克与舰船的生产，中国更是难以企及。战争期间，日本生产了5.5万架飞机、4800辆坦克和244艘舰船。中国战时所使用的少量飞机、坦克等，则全部来自进口，只有能力生产其中的一些部件。",
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                   "note": "因此，不管是战前，还是战时，中日两国的工业水平悬殊，武器制造水平差距明显，中国军队在抗日战场上屡屡失利便不难想象。",
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                   "note": "国民党军缴获的日军武器。",
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                ,
                {
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                   "note": "中正式步枪为德国1924年式毛瑟步枪的中国版本，使用7.92毫米尖头型毛瑟步枪弹，是中国近代第一种制式步枪。中正式步枪，1935年由兵工署第十一厂生产，正式定名为中正式步骑枪，以取代国民革命军所装备的汉阳八八式步枪，因蒋中正而得名。",
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                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-07-14/AUG0LFGP4T8E0001.jpg",
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                   "note": "抗战时装备中正式步枪和德式子弹盒的国军德械师士兵。",
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                }
            
                ,
                {
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                   "note": "向日军缴械投降的国军士兵扛着马克沁。",
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                   "note": "日军发动豫湘桂会战缴获的国民党军木柄手榴弹、捷克式轻机枪和美制航空炸弹。",
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                   "note": "日军发动豫湘桂会战缴获的国民党军木柄手榴弹、捷克式轻机枪和美制航空炸弹。",
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                   "note": "日军缴获的国民党军37毫米战防炮和火炮牵引车。",
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                ,
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                   "note": "国民党军被日军缴获的克虏伯120毫米榴弹炮。",
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                   "note": "日军缴获的国民党军装甲汽车。",
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                   "note": "常德会战国民党军缴获的日军武器装备。",
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