黄俄罗斯计划：沙俄入侵东三省

2015-01-20 09:33

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“黄俄罗斯计划”是十九世纪俄罗斯沙皇尼古拉二世的一个旨在侵略中国的计划，那就是从新疆中俄边境的乔戈里峰直到海参崴划一条直线，将此以北的土地全都划归俄国。点击看更多军事历史内容

黄俄罗斯计划：沙俄入侵东三省

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                "prevue": "“黄俄罗斯计划”是十九世纪俄罗斯沙皇尼古拉二世的一个旨在侵略中国的计划，那就是从新疆中俄边境的乔戈里峰直到海参崴划一条直线，将此以北的土地全都划归俄国。<a href=＂http://war.163.com/special/mh/＂>点击看更多军事历史内容</a>",
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                   "note": "“黄俄罗斯计划”是十九世纪俄罗斯沙皇尼古拉二世的一个旨在侵略中国的计划，那就是从新疆中俄边境的乔戈里峰直到海参崴划一条直线，将此以北的土地全都划归俄国。",
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                   "note": "东北三省幅员辽阔，物产丰富，沙俄一直对其垂涎三尺。",
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                   "note": "十九世纪七十年代以后，沙俄政府为了向外扩张，进行了一系列军事改革。至十九世纪末，沙俄已发展成为一个极富侵略性的军事封建帝国主义国家。中日甲午战争以后，我国东北地区进一步成为沙俄推行其向远东侵略扩张政策的重要目标。",
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                   "note": "沙俄当时有两种主张：以陆军大臣库罗巴特金和外交大臣穆拉维约夫为代表的封建军阀、贵族和军事工业资本家，主张直接进行军事占领;以财政大臣维特为代表的新兴工业垄断资本家和金融资本家，则主张以经济掠夺手段实现最终征服。",
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                   "note": "沙皇政府综合两种主张，决定采取双管齐下的侵华政策。",
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                   "note": "1896年，沙俄以联合德、法干涉日本还辽“有功”，诱迫清政府与之签订《中俄密约》和《中俄合办东省铁路公司合同章程》，攫取了西伯利亚大铁路中国段(中东铁路)的建筑权。",
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                   "note": "这条铁路通过黑龙江、吉林两省，直达海参崴(今苏联符拉迪沃斯托克)，不但便于沙俄对我国东北地区进行经济掠夺，而且便于军事侵略。",
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                   "note": "维特当时就露骨地宣称：有了这条铁路，俄国就能在任何时间内，在最短的路线上，把自己的军事力量运到海参崴及集中于满洲、黄海海岸及离中国首都的近距离处，并促进附属于中国的部族和俄国接近。",
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                   "note": "1898年3月，沙俄又通过《旅大租地条约》，取得了从哈尔滨经宽城子(今长春)、奉天(今沈阳)至旅顺、大连的中东铁路支线筑路权。",
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                   "note": "同年5、6月间，沙俄大批铁路员工进入我东北三省，并从山东、直隶及当地雇用二十多万中国民工，分十九个工区，开始全线修筑铁路。通过筑路，沙俄得以派遣各种人员，搜集东北三省的政治、经济、军事情报。",
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                   "note": "同时，又以“护路”为名，向铁路沿线派遣了六千余名武装“护路队”。此外，还在哈尔滨设立有二千五百余人驻守的铁路警备司令部。",
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                ,
                {
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                   "note": "为适应侵略战争的需要，沙俄在抢修中东铁路的同时，又采取各种手段，控制东北地区的内河航运、公路交通以及外海通路。当时，东北三省的额尔古纳河、黑龙江、乌苏里江、松花江等主要河流及其支流的航运，几乎均被沙俄所垄断。",
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                   "note": "1900年4月，中东铁路千余公里的路基和大部分铺轨工程已经完工，中东铁路支线除中段二百余公里外，也已竣工。至此，沙俄几乎完全控制了我国东北地区的交通命脉，为战时运送兵员和军需物资创造了条件。",
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                ,
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                   "note": "为了实现鲸吞我国东北三省的野心，沙俄还加紧进行大规模入侵的军事准备。自中日甲午战争以后，沙俄在我国东北边境地区的兵力日益增加，到1900年6月初，统辖黑龙江以北、乌苏里江以东大片地区的沙俄阿穆尔军管区，已有兵员九万八千余人，马一万五千余匹。",
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                   "note": "除要塞及留守部队外，这些部队大部驻扎于我国东北三省当面的俄国各边境城镇，如海参崴、双城子(今乌苏里斯克)、伯力(今哈巴罗夫斯克)、海兰泡(今布拉戈维申斯克)、赤塔等地，直接窥视和威胁清军行动。",
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                   "note": "与此同时，沙俄还加强了旅顺军港的建设，使其成为具有一定独立作战能力的军事基地。至1900年7月初，沙俄驻旅大兵力达两万三千三百余人，游弋于黄海、渤海的各种钢铁军舰达四十一艘，水雷艇三十艘，控制了从黄海经朝鲜海峡及日本海抵海参崴的通路，沟通了南北各据点间的联系。",
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                   "note": "从1900年6月初开始，沙俄最高当局即密切注视着我国直隶地区义和团运动发展的趋势，寻找进攻我东北三省的时机和借口，同时加紧进行战争准备。",
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                ,
                {
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                   "note": "6月8日，沙俄政府宣布关东一带进入战争状态，命令军队作好临战准备。6月15日，陆军大臣库罗巴特金命令驻伯力的阿穆尔军事总督格罗杰科夫中将，制订进攻东北义和团及清军的作战计划。",
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                   "note": "6月17日，八国联军侵占大沽，沙皇尼古拉二世便于6月23日宣布，进行战争动员，全区进入战争状态，并立即编组先遣军，自任俄军总司令，将原驻阿穆尔地区的西伯利亚军改编为西伯利亚第一军，并将新征调的部队进行统一编组和部署。",
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                   "note": "7月14日，八国联军攻占天津。清廷因京城危急，已无力顾及东北三省的危局。沙俄陆军部抓紧这一时机，纠结作战部队约十三万五千余人，火炮三百二十八门，多路出兵，以期迅速夺取东北三省战略目的。",
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                   "id": "AGBC25JO4T8E0001",
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                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC25JO4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC25JO4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC25JO4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1900年7月，沙俄出兵对中国在黑龙江东岸仅存的海兰泡和江东六十四屯居民进行了大屠杀，杀害了当地中国居民7000多人，强行占领了这些地区。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC25OU4T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC25OU4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC25OU4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC25OU4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC25OU4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "与此同时，东北路俄军从伯力出发，沿黑龙江西进，于7月22日到达拉哈苏苏(今同江)。驻守该地的清军稍事抵抗即行撤退。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC263H4T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC263H4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC263H4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC263H4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC263H4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "7月28日，俄军水陆两路夹攻三姓城。守军英勇抵抗，激战至下午4时，击沉俄轮一艘，毙伤敌军多人。终因俄军炮火猛烈，其后续部队又相继登岸，清军伤亡严重，被迫撤退。俄军占领三姓，枪杀居民，焚烧房屋，然后登轮向哈尔滨进犯。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC269J4T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC269J4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC269J4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC269J4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC269J4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "鉴于哈尔滨为三省腹心之地，又严重威胁黑龙江省的后路，守将寿山于7月初曾约请吉林清军会攻哈尔滨，先清除哈尔滨“护路队”，然后专注北方边防。由于吉林将军长顺极力阻挠，此计未能实现。8月3日，萨哈罗夫所部俄军进占哈尔滨，同“护路队”会合。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC26H04T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC26H04T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC26H04T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC26H04T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC26H04T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "俄军继续从西、北两路直逼省城齐齐哈尔。黑龙江将军寿山于城将破之际自杀殉国，齐齐哈尔陷落。10月12日，呼兰城亦失陷，黑龙江全境为沙俄所占。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC26R24T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC26R24T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC26R24T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC26R24T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC26R24T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "8月25日吉林将军长顺与沙俄侵略者“议和”，随即通令全省，对俄军要“优为款待，以笃邦交”。9月22日，长顺下令开吉林城门迎接俄师，束手降敌，吉林全境不久即为沙俄轻易占领。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC270J4T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC270J4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC270J4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC270J4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC270J4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "盛京地区则遭到两路沙俄军队进攻。此时，盛京将军增祺面对俄军自辽南长驱北上及疯狂肆虐，不仅不主动抗敌御侮，反而极力主张与入侵者议和。沙皇尼古拉二世得此情报后，却下令俄军继续扩大战果，不许半途而废，一定要“解除满洲军队及要塞的武装”。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC275R4T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC275R4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC275R4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC275R4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC275R4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "9月23日牛庄被攻下；28日辽阳城被占领；10月1日渖阳陷落。渖阳失守前，盛京将军增祺弃城出逃，闯入渖阳之俄军大肆抢掠，其文化资产损失尤为惨重。至6日，铁岭被占领后，南北俄军于此地会师，至此，东北全境沦于沙俄的铁蹄之下。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC27CG4T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC27CG4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC27CG4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC27CG4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC27CG4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "为了使占领东北合法化，即真正实现“黄色俄罗斯计划”，俄军迫不及待地搜寻并迅速拿获弃城出逃的盛京将军增祺，逼其签订“奉天交地暂且章程”，企图把俄国独占东叁省以法律形式固定下来，因遭中外反对而作废。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC28HG4T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC28HG4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC28HG4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC28HG4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC28HG4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1902年4月，沙俄又与清政府在北京签订“交收东叁省条约”，在清政府保证俄国在华、特别是在东北的许多特权后，规定俄国在一年半之内分3期从东北撤军。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC295D4T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC295D4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC295D4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC295D4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC295D4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "然而，沙俄仅从东北撤出部分军队后，便不再撤军。清政府于10月初照会俄国，敦促其按条约规定撤军，然不被理会。此刻，俄政府之四部大臣于雅尔达开会，确定了“将来满洲（指东北）必须并入俄国，或隶属于俄国”的方针。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC29AF4T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29AF4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29AF4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29AF4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29AF4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "12月15日，沙皇下令暂停从东北撤军，公开撕毁已签订之条约；1903年3月，沙俄政府向清政府提出继续撤军的七项新条件，实际是明确昭示要继续霸占东北。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC29HO4T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29HO4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29HO4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29HO4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29HO4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "至此，距八国联军入侵中国已经是第四个年头，罹难深重的东北仍被沙俄侵略军所蹂躏，随后，日俄战争爆发，战场却在东北，当地二度遇难，简直是人间浩劫！",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "AGBC29L04T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29L04T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29L04T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29L04T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-01-19/AGBC29L04T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "最终，因日俄战争的失利以及“十月革命”的爆发，沙俄的“黄俄罗斯计划”梦想破灭。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
            ]
        }