库尔德人建反恐“国际纵队”

2015-12-11 11:22

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标签：库尔德反恐 IS

近日，叙利亚库尔德民兵组织“人民保护联盟”（YPG）招募外籍志愿者与极端组织“伊斯兰国”作战的新闻引发坊间热议，那么，YPG到底是何方神圣？该部的反恐战绩又如何？

库尔德人建反恐“国际纵队”

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                   "note": "近日，叙利亚库尔德民兵组织“人民保护联盟”（YPG）招募外籍志愿者与极端组织“伊斯兰国”作战的新闻引发坊间热议，那么，YPG到底是何方神圣？该部的反恐战绩又如何？",
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                   "note": "YPG是库尔德语“人民保护联盟”（Yek?neyên Parastina Gel?）一词的缩写。2004年，叙利亚库尔德民主联盟党（PYD）在位于伊拉克境内的库尔德自治区组建了自己的武装，YPG由此诞生。",
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                   "note": "据悉，PYD与让土耳其政府头疼不已的库尔德工人党有着千丝万缕的联系，甚至有分析称PYD是后者的分支。",
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                   "note": "有资料显示，PYD部队的骨干大多来自库尔德工人党武装，这些老兵曾在土耳其南部与土政府军打过多年游击战，作战经验十分丰富。",
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                   "note": "YPG总体上以轻步兵为主，总兵力约8个旅、5万人，主要装备步枪、火炮、反坦克导弹等武器。",
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                   "note": "叙利亚库尔德民兵组织“人民保护联盟”（YPG）。",
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                   "note": "YPG主力集结于艾因阿拉伯、阿穆德等叙北部城镇，同时在叙东北部山区设有配备野战医院、发电机组的密营。",
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                   "note": "由于难以获得大量外援，YPG为对抗装备精良的IS恐怖分子，不得不自力更生，自制了不少“土坦克”。",
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                   "note": "得益于欧美和中东地区库尔德富商的慷慨捐赠，YPG每年可获得约9000万美元的外来援助。",
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                   "note": "2011年叙内战爆发后，YPG名义上转归属于温和反对派的库尔德最高委员会统辖，但实际上仍听命于PYD。",
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                   "note": "2014年10月21日，YPG在Facebook上开设了名为“叙利亚库尔德斯坦雄狮”（如图所示，rojava意为“库尔德斯坦”，特指叙利亚北部库尔德人聚居区）的招募外国志愿者网页。",
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                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "据悉，目前至少有10名美国志愿者（包括3名前美国陆军士兵）和1名前加拿大军人加入了YPG。图为一名加入YPG的前美军士兵。",
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                ,
                {
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                   "note": "截至2015年6月11日，已有超过400名来自北美、澳大利亚、土耳其、欧洲（包括英籍华人）和南美的志愿者加入YPG。",
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                ,
                {
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                   "note": "这些外国志愿者被编入了2015年6月10日成立的国际自由营（IFB）。",
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                ,
                {
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                   "note": "图为来自威斯康星州的前美军志愿者马特森，他迎娶了一位住在伊斯坦布尔的库尔德姑娘，看来他加入YPG还有爱情的力量。",
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                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "经过数年发展、壮大，YPG已成为抗击IS的一支重要力量。2014年9月中旬，IS发起猛烈攻势，意图夺取整个叙利亚北部并全面控制叙土边境。YPG驻守的边境城镇艾因阿拉伯首当其冲，成为IS进攻的重点目标。",
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                ,
                {
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                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-12-11/BAI3CDMG4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "当时，IS依仗从伊拉克政府军手中缴获的大量坦克、装甲车、火炮等重型武器，采取“多路并进，步步为营”的战术，通过渗透和近战逐一拔除艾因阿拉伯外围的YPG阵地。图为YPG女兵。",
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                   "title": "",
                   "note": "10月中旬，IS突入艾因阿拉伯，与YPG爆发激烈巷战。图为YPG民兵在一处建筑物内对外监视。",
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                ,
                {
                   "id": "BAI3CF5I4T8E0001",
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                   "note": "与此同时，边境一侧的土耳其政府军因不愿YPG做大做强而隔岸观火，不对YPG施以援手。反倒是叙政府军派出战机空袭IS，才大大缓解了YPG的压力。图为在YPG驻地，一名来自加拿大的67岁志愿老兵（左）和一名40岁的英籍志愿者在进行格斗训练。",
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                ,
                {
                   "id": "BAI3CG1P4T8E0001",
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                   "osize": {},
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                   "note": "YPG与叙利亚政府军的关系比较微妙。虽然属于反对派武装，但YPG眼下和叙政府军之间更像是反恐的“准盟友”关系。",
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                {
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                   "note": "在位于叙利亚东北部的YPG控制区内，有2处叙政府军控制的“飞地”（包括一座重要的空军基地）但YPG并没有围攻这2处飞地，此举表明他们现在还不想与巴沙尔政权为敌。",
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                {
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                   "note": "图为一名参加YPG与IS作战的前以色列女兵，据称她不幸被俘。",
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                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "目前，YPG已控制了叙利亚西北一隅和东北部大片土地，从北方对盘踞在叙东部的IS构成强大威慑。特别是2015年9月底俄军加入战团后，YPG趁势反恐，夺取了大片IS在叙利亚的控制区。无论未来叙利亚战局如何发展，可以肯定YPG都是一支不可忽视的重要力量。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "BAI3CIQE4T8E0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-12-11/BAI3CIQE4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-12-11/BAI3CIQE4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-12-11/BAI3CIQE4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2015-12-11/BAI3CIQE4T8E0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "图为YPG反恐宣传海报。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
            ]
        }