探秘冷战时期废弃导弹发射井成探险家乐园

2013-06-11 14:36

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标签：发射井冷战核灾难

冷战时期的导弹发射井一直充满神秘色彩，它们的存在一度让核灾难的阴云笼罩在人类上空。在冷战高潮时期，人类面临的最大威胁并非全球变暖或者粮食短缺，更不是来自外太空的陨石，而是美苏两个超级大国可能引发的核战争——互射核弹导致地球毁灭。随着冷战的结束，很多导弹发射井也随之废弃，成为探险家们的乐园。（编译：shooter）

探秘冷战时期废弃导弹发射井成探险家乐园

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                "prevue": "冷战时期的导弹发射井一直充满神秘色彩，它们的存在一度让核灾难的阴云笼罩在人类上空。在冷战高潮时期，人类面临的最大威胁并非全球变暖或者粮食短缺，更不是来自外太空的陨石，而是美苏两个超级大国可能引发的核战争——互射核弹导致地球毁灭。随着冷战的结束，很多导弹发射井也随之废弃，成为探险家们的乐园。（编译：shooter）",
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                   "note": "金吉谢普“德维纳”导弹发射井的井底。金吉谢普曾是当时列宁格勒的唯一一座部署中程核导弹的基地，是对苏联极为重要的一个战略性基地。",
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                   "title": "俄罗斯金吉谢普的“德维纳”导弹发射井",
                   "note": "当前的“德维纳”导弹发射井，里面布满碎片和残骸。上世纪50年代末至60年代初，金吉谢普基地的发射井一直是苏联陆基导弹的头号发射系统。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICTA44T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTA44T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTA44T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTA44T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTA44T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "俄罗斯金吉谢普的“德维纳”导弹发射井",
                   "note": "发射井内用于存放氧化剂罐的设施。类似这样的发射井均建造防爆门，同时通过地道和电缆与发射控制中心相连。废弃之后，“德维纳”导弹发射井成为探险家们的乐园。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICTDP4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTDP4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTDP4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTDP4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTDP4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "哈萨克斯坦萨利奥扎克的R-14导弹发射井",
                   "note": "萨利奥扎克的R-14导弹基地，四周的地貌非常壮丽雄奇。这座基地引起了历史学家的浓厚兴趣，不仅仅因为它在苏联军方心目中的重要地位，同时也因为它是第一座依照美苏《中导条约》销毁中程核弹的基地。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICTG94T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTG94T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTG94T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTG94T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTG94T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "哈萨克斯坦萨利奥扎克的R-14导弹发射井",
                   "note": "废弃的发射井，更像是一口水井。独立之后的哈萨克斯坦所拥有的核武器数量位居世界前列，共有大约1400枚核弹头和104枚令人恐怖的R-36M洲际弹道导弹。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICTIM4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTIM4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTIM4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTIM4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTIM4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "哈萨克斯坦萨利奥扎克的R-14导弹发射井",
                   "note": "服役期间的R-14导弹基地一直让印度等国家陷入担忧之中。如果这个基地继续服役，将有数十亿年人食不安寝，夜不能寐。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICTKS4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTKS4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTKS4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTKS4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTKS4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "哈萨克斯坦萨利奥扎克的R-14导弹发射井",
                   "note": "发射井的穹顶。萨利奥扎克基地的发射井比较密集，容易被敌人“一锅端”，因此并非一个明智之举。不过，由于R-14导弹燃料极度危险并且腐蚀性强，选择这种布局便于操作，是没办法的事情。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICTOC4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTOC4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTOC4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTOC4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTOC4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "立陶宛普洛克斯廷的R-12“德维纳”导弹发射井",
                   "note": "普洛克斯廷R-12“德维纳”导弹基地的一条走廊，充满恐怖气息。普洛克斯廷基地建在一片与世隔绝的森林地下，以避免被西方的间谍卫星发现。在长达18年的服役期间，这座基地一直是苏联的高度军事机密，也一直未被敌方发现。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICTQP4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTQP4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTQP4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTQP4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTQP4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "立陶宛普洛克斯廷的R-12“德维纳”导弹发射井",
                   "note": "普洛克斯廷基地曾部署4枚R-12导弹，射程2000公里，每一枚的破坏力均超过轰炸广岛的原子弹。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICTSM4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTSM4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTSM4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTSM4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTSM4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "立陶宛普洛克斯廷的R-12“德维纳”导弹发射井",
                   "note": "从这幅照片我们不难想像R-12导弹的巨大尺寸。令人感到吃惊的是，普洛克斯廷基地的4个发射井完全由人工挖掘，动用了苏联红军的数千名士兵。R-12导弹发射井深27米，直径5米。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICTUU4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTUU4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTUU4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTUU4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICTUU4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "立陶宛普洛克斯廷的R-12“德维纳”导弹发射井",
                   "note": "普洛克斯廷基地的一个外部设施。服役期间，美国的侦察卫星一直未能发现这座导弹基地的存在。1978年，普洛克斯廷基地关闭。也正是在这一年，美国的侦察卫星发现了这个秘密。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICU1U4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU1U4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU1U4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU1U4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU1U4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "立陶宛伊勒加的R-12“德维纳”导弹发射井",
                   "note": "前苏联时期，立陶宛共建造了5座军事基地——导弹基地除了伊勒加外至少还有一座——士兵人数在2万人左右。伊勒加导弹基地一直服役到上世纪70年代晚期。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICU4S4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU4S4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU4S4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU4S4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU4S4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "立陶宛伊勒加的R-12“德维纳”导弹发射井",
                   "note": "伊勒加基地在地上和地下均建造了与导弹发射有关的设施。与普洛克斯廷基地一样，这座基地也部署了4枚R-12“德维纳”导弹，每一枚的长度达到22米，携带百万吨级核弹头。“德维纳”导弹是苏联对西欧的主要导弹威胁，古巴导弹危机的主角正是这种导弹。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICU734T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU734T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU734T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU734T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU734T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "立陶宛伊勒加的R-12“德维纳”导弹发射井",
                   "note": "R-12“德维纳”导弹在设计上可以使用地面发射设施发射，也可使用伊勒加和普洛克斯廷基地的地下发射井发射。无论在什么地方，导弹完成发射准备都需要30分钟到4个小时，具体取决于战备等级。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICU9I4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU9I4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU9I4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU9I4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICU9I4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "立陶宛伊勒加的R-12“德维纳”导弹发射井",
                   "note": "废弃后的伊勒加“德维纳”导弹基地，已经很难与令人恐怖的导弹联系在一起。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICUCS4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUCS4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUCS4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUCS4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUCS4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "美国亚利桑那州的“泰坦”II导弹发射井",
                   "note": "在美国，只有亚利桑那州仍完整保留着“泰坦”II导弹基地——成为“泰坦”II导弹博物馆——虽然已经不再充当导弹基地，其他所有“泰坦”II导弹基地都在1982年左右废弃或者拆毁。一些消息人士指出，美国当时拆毁“泰坦”II导弹基地是为了兑现与苏联举行的限制战略武器谈判上做出的承诺，也有人认为是美军武器系统现代化的一个必要步骤。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICUES4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUES4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUES4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUES4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUES4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "美国亚利桑那州的“泰坦”II导弹发射井",
                   "note": "将导弹发射井与发射控制中连接在一起的通道，上有“禁止吸烟”字样。“泰坦”II是美国历史上最大的陆基核导弹，发射仅需短短58秒，30分钟后便可飞行8850公里，爆炸威力达到9百万吨级。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICUGR4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUGR4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUGR4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUGR4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUGR4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "美国亚利桑那州的“泰坦”II导弹发射井",
                   "note": "导弹发射井的一个安全舱口，舱口后是一条通往地面的通道。冷战期间，亚利桑那州的“泰坦”II导弹基地处于24小时警戒状态。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICUJ14T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUJ14T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUJ14T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUJ14T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUJ14T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "美国亚利桑那州的“泰坦”II导弹发射井",
                   "note": "导弹发射井的防爆门，在发生事故时保护发射井内的人员安全。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICUMA4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUMA4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUMA4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUMA4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUMA4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "美国加州的“泰坦”I导弹发射井",
                   "note": "加州比尔空军基地“泰坦”I导弹发射设施的通风井，直径45.5米。现在，这座导弹基地已经成为城市探险的一个热点，一些探险家在井壁上留下自己的“墨宝”，井底到处是他们丢弃的啤酒罐。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICUT24T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUT24T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUT24T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUT24T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUT24T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "美国加州的“泰坦”I导弹发射井",
                   "note": "进口隧洞，导弹在这里加满燃料，而后发射。这座基地曾部署9枚“泰坦”I导弹，服役期间一直遭到附近奇科镇居民的抗议。他们经常到这里示威，祈祷和平，还成立了一个名为“奇科和平努力”组织。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICUV24T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUV24T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUV24T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUV24T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICUV24T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "美国加州的“泰坦”I导弹发射井",
                   "note": "“泰坦”I导弹基地的地道交叉口。1962年，这座基地因阀门故障发生爆炸，导致一枚“泰坦”I导弹受损，发射井遭到严重破坏。两周后，又有一座发射井因同样故障发生火灾，导致1人死亡。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICV1E4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICV1E4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICV1E4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICV1E4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICV1E4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "美国加州的“泰坦”I导弹发射井",
                   "note": "地道交叉口，墙壁上画满涂鸦。废弃的导弹发射井会对当地环境构成潜在威胁，有毒清洁剂和RP-1燃料可污染地下水和土壤。进入发射井探险的冒险者需佩戴防毒面具，以确保人身安全。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "913ICV4K4T8F0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICV4K4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICV4K4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICV4K4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2013-06-11/913ICV4K4T8F0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "美国加州的“泰坦”I导弹发射井",
                   "note": "“泰坦”I导弹基地地下发射设施的一个人口，让人不免联想到科幻影片中的画面。由于自身充满的神秘色彩，废弃的导弹发射井一直就是冒险家们追捧的对象。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
            ]
        }